Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Identification of potential parents and hybrids resistant to Plasmopara halstedii race-100 in sunflower for the semi-arid dry land environments of India
Research Articles | Published: 15 April, 2022
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
First Page: 1007
Last Page: 1013
Views: 1697
Keywords:
Downy mildew, Resistant, Hybrid, Sunflower, Semi-arid, Combining ability
Abstract
Fifty four hybrids were developed from susceptible Cytoplasmic Male Sterile lines (CMS), resistant and unknown testers for Plsamopara halstedii race-100. Resultant hybrids, parents with three checks were evaluated under four semi-arid dryland environments during two crop seasons of 2016 and 2017. Sunflower Downy Mildew (SDM) screening was undertaken in the sick plot and identified 39 hybrids with zero incidence of SDM. The resultant hybrids where one of the parent is resistant showed susceptible reaction to SDM hence, we anticipate the presence of more than one race for Plasmopara halstedii in the area other than the prevalent race. General Combining Ability (GCA) variances were higher than Specific Combining Ability (SCA) variances for days to 50% flowering and head diameter whereas, SCA variances were higher than GCA variances for majority of the traits. Based on predictability ratio, characters viz., days to maturity, plant height, seed filling %, hull content, 100 seed weight, volume weight, seed yield/plant and oil content exhibited non-additive gene action in the inheritance of the traits. Parents, 62B, 2B, 17B (Lines) and EC-623008, EC-623026, RHA-1-1, RHA-138-2, IR-1-1, J/6 (Testers) showed highly desirable GCA effects for seed yield/plant and can be utilized for the development of high yielding hybrids. Four parents (testers) were recorded resistant to SDM viz., RHA-138-2, EC-601951, EC-623008 and EC-601957. Crosses CMS2A X RHA-1-1, CMS62A X RHA-138-2 and CMS2A X RHA-138-2 reported with high SCA effect in desirable direction with high x high GCA pattern for seed yield, resistant to SDM with high per se performance may be considered as most stable and can be exploited for future sunflower hybrid breeding programmes to achieve yield improvement under semi-dryland environments.
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Acknowledgements
We are extremely grateful to Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for awarding INSPIRE fellowship to the first author to carry out her doctorate research.
Author Information
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, VNMKV, Parbhani, India
ambalika592@gmail.com